1) Allotopes are different forms of an element that have distinctly different physical or chemical properties.
2) Two elements other than carbons that form allotropes are oxygen and sulfur.
3)
a. A diamonds are shiny, graphite is a soft black solid, and coal is a ashy, dark solid.
b. There are properties are different because they have different atomic arrangments.
c. The quality and optical characteristics.
4) Engineered materials differ from natural materials because engineered materials are modified by physically blending or chemically combining two or more substances, while natural materials come from plants, animals, or the ground.
5) Two advantages of using engineered ceramics in high-temperature applications is that it can become a substiture for steel in some applications and they can run engines with an increased efficiency. Two disadvanatages is that it can become brittle and fractured when in rapid temperature changes.
6) Two examples of properties that can be modified in plastics to make them useful for new applications is polyethylene can be tailored to dispaly relatively soft and pliable or crafted to be hard and brittle.
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